Econowatch

Econowatch

Economists Stephen Gordon (ULaval), Mike Moffatt (Western) and Kevin Milligan (UBC), as well as Macleans.ca’s Erica Alini and guest bloggers write about the economy and economic policy in Canada, the U.S. and the world. We like charts. On Twitter, follow Stephen: @stephenfgordon; Mike: @mikepmoffatt; Kevin: @kevinmilligan and Erica: @ealini.

The real problem with Vancouver's outrageous house prices

by Jason Kirby on Wednesday, June 1, 2011 4:50pm - 57 Comments

A Chesterman Beach home in Tofino, B.C., listed for $7.6 million, is shown on Thursday, June 9, 2005. High house prices in the Vancouver Island town are driving some residents out. One realtor said 12 Tofino residents have bought Ucluelet properties in the past two years, and five more are looking. (CP PHOTO/Keven Drews)

The international media have finally clued in to the wackiness on Canada’s west coast, otherwise known as the Vancouver real estate market. Last month Bloomberg noted that when compared to median household incomes Vancouver homes are more expensive than even New York. The story linked soaring prices to the influx of wealthy buyers from mainland China. Today the Wall Street Journal retraces the exact same material. The warning in both pieces is clear: Vancouver’s housing market has become disconnected from reality and is primed to crash.

This little 3 bedroom, 1 bathroom bungalow in Vancouver is priced at $1.5 million. The listing suggests buyers just tear it down and build a new home.

This is a well worn theme for many Canadian reporters. Here at Maclean’s we’ve reached the same conclusion several times going back to 2008, and, admittedly, we’ve been proven fully and completely wrong. I still think prices here in Vancouver are nuts, but each day as I walk to work past the high-end coffee shops and panhandlers I see more “For Sale” signs going up, along with plenty of “Sold” stickers, too.

But here’s the thing. The real threat to Vancouver isn’t that the housing market might crash. That’s happened here before. It undoubtedly will happen again. Such is the boom & bust nature of real estate in Lotusland.

Far more insidious is the impact housing unaffordability is having on employers and the broader economy. You hear stories of smart, young people leaving for jobs elsewhere. At the same time smart, young people from elsewhere aren’t coming here for jobs. The price of real estate and cost of living are too high, while pay is simply too low relative to other parts of the country. Business in Vancouver, a local newsweekly, delves into the dilemma in its latest issue with the story “Home truths hurt talent search.” (You need a subscription to read the story online but here’s the lead.)

To take a job in Vancouver, Calgary-based senior information management consultant Joey Roa would have to give up living in a 3,000-square-foot house just outside the downtown core. He’d have to give up his 20-minute on-foot commute for what he figures would be “a considerable drive, at best.” He’d have to start paying provincial tax. He’d see his current $1.15-per-litre gas prices rise to what he terms Vancouver’s “insane” pump prices.

And with Vancouver’s salaries failing to keep pace with Calgary’s oil-rich pay scale, he’d likely be looking at a pay cut to boot.

Needless to say Roa is staying put in Calgary. He’s turned down several offers from head hunters in Vancouver, and the BIV story includes recruiters who are having trouble luring educated and experienced workers to the city. In short, Vancouver is increasingly being seen as a no-go zone for top talent.

This is very bad. Worse arguably than if house prices crashed. As Vancouver develops a reputation as a place where only the uber-rich can afford to buy property, it could seriously undermine the economy.  Fewer workers living here and earning good pay means a weaker income tax base for the province (though the city is benefiting from property taxes) not to mention less people with the means to shop, eat out and support local businesses and the arts. In addition, if you don’t have a vibrant and enterprising population, chances are new companies won’t get started. Coupled with the scarcity and high-costs of commercial real estate, more companies are likely to move their head offices away. Earlier this month mining giant BHP Billiton shifted its Canadian head offices from Vancouver, a self-proclaimed global mining capital, to Saskatchewan. Who knows how many businesses decided not to come in the first place.

Above all, if the economy is left weakened by departing head offices and a scarcity of talented workers, it will leave Vancouver even more vulnerable to that housing crash when it eventually comes. In economics Dutch Disease refers to countries that are overly dependent on their natural resources at the expense of other industries. Only here the culprit is real estate. Call it the Vancouver Virus.

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  • Anonymous

    Heh…it’s 28 and sunny here in the Great South-West of Ontario.

    I have a 14 room Victorian home, with a full basement that has 5 more rooms, plus a full attic…acre of land.

    If anyone wants to offer me $1.5M for it, I can be out of here in a week.

  • TonyAdams

    “This is very bad. Worse arguably than if house prices crashed. As Vancouver develops a reputation as a place where only the uber-rich can afford to buy property, it could seriously undermine the economy.”

    Interesting dilemma. Rich people have to live somewhere. There are more and more uber-rich and they are not going to be dispersed across Canada. People buying $5 million condos to use for a few weekends of skiing at Whistler, not good for working class.  

    I lived in Victoria for a year and visited Van a bunch of times. It seemed like mountains were major obstacle to building more homes in large numbers and I don’t know what you do about mountains, either.

    • Anonymous

      Burrow into them. I wouldn’t pay top dollar for a house or condo in Vancouver, but dammit, I’d sure like to live in a Hobbit hole, ideally close to the future Evergreen line.

    • Anonymous

      Vancouver is a beautiful city….but it rains all winter and so while it would be a great summer city for a rich retired person…they would have to be uber-rich and have a winter place elsewhere.

    • Anonymous

      Vancouver is a beautiful city….but it rains all winter and so while it would be a great summer city for a rich retired person…they would have to be uber-rich and have a winter place elsewhere.

  • Anonymous

    One of the solutions is to improve transit.  Relatively few of the people who work in Manhatten live there.  Those who do pay a premium for the privilege.  The most exhorbitant prices in Vancouver are in the west side of the city or Richmond, where the flow of mainland Chinese money is strongest. Prices are more reasonable the further east one goes, and if the ultimate choice is between living in a larger cheaper place in Calgary or a smaller more expensive one in Vancouver, there will always be those who will choose Vancouver simply because it is worth it.  Just as there are those who choose New York over Cleveland.

    • Anonymous

      I doubt the ‘rich’ take public transit much.

      • Anonymous

        No, but it gives the unrich more options.

        • Anonymous

          LOL the ‘unrich’ wouldn’t be living in those neighbourhoods.

          • Anonymous

            On the contrary, that’s exactly where the unrich live.  The rich can afford to live within walking distance.

          • Anonymous

            On the contrary, that’s exactly where the unrich live.  The rich can afford to live within walking distance.

          • Anonymous

            The rich don’t need to live within ‘walking distance’

            And the unrich aren’t living in neighbourhoods with house prices like that.

          • Anonymous

            The rich don’t need to live within ‘walking distance’

            And the unrich aren’t living in neighbourhoods with house prices like that.

          • Anonymous

            The rich don’t need to live within ‘walking distance’

            And the unrich aren’t living in neighbourhoods with house prices like that.

    • http://www.facebook.com/bobby.killsmith Bobby Killsmith

      Trust me Vancouver is no NY. Don’t flatter yourself, and Calgary sure as hell beats Cleveland. “Worth it” is a matter of opinion.  Vancouver is nice to visit, but personally, I wouldn’t want to live there.

    • http://www.facebook.com/bobby.killsmith Bobby Killsmith

      Trust me Vancouver is no NY. Don’t flatter yourself, and Calgary sure as hell beats Cleveland. “Worth it” is a matter of opinion.  Vancouver is nice to visit, but personally, I wouldn’t want to live there.

  • Anonymous

    There’s truth to this analysis:  I could earn 50% more than I do in Vancouver if I moved to Alberta.  Even in Fort McMurray, I’d see a reduction in cost of living to accompany that increased income.  However, the problem isn’t quite as dire as Mr. Kirby suggests.  Vancouver is a pretty nice place to live, and it would take a fairly die-hard Calgarian to deny Vancouver’s advantages in climate, scenery, culture, and recreational opportunities.  There’s also something to be said for an economy not dominated by the energy sector – how soon people forget how dismal Alberta was in the late 80s and early 90s when oil wasn’t booming.

    • Anonymous

      You could work in Fort McMurray and they would fly you home to Vancouver to live….I know someone who does that…best of both worlds.  There are people who are working in Fort McMurray and in and out daily to Edmonton and Calgary too.  Depends on your credentials. The Vancouver person lives in Fort Mac for a week and Vancouver for a week.

    • Anonymous

      You could work in Fort McMurray and they would fly you home to Vancouver to live….I know someone who does that…best of both worlds.  There are people who are working in Fort McMurray and in and out daily to Edmonton and Calgary too.  Depends on your credentials. The Vancouver person lives in Fort Mac for a week and Vancouver for a week.

  • http://twitter.com/jackoatmon Thomas Smith

    Count me as one “educated, talented” professional who would move to Van City in a heartbeat if there was even the slightest prospect of home ownership.

    Looks like I’ll be staying in Montreal.

    (Scare quotes included to acknowledge discomfort at describing self as “talented”)

  • Anonymous

    What outsiders don’t seem to realize is that unlike most Canadian cities Vancouver has an extremely limited area for growth and as such real estate is literally in limited supply. To the north are the north shore mountains, to the west is water to the south is the United States and in the eastern Fraser Valley the remaining undeveloped land is in the Agricultural Land Reserve and not available for development.

    Put simply when you have a limited supply of a commodity (land) and a huge demand for that commodity the price will rise.

    • http://pulse.yahoo.com/_PVJQ52STG5HHDC5DDRRQE6HZ2Q J D

      Then why has inflation-adjusted rent in Vancouver been DEcreasing since 1974?

      http://cuer.sauder.ubc.ca/cma/index.html#

      • Anonymous

        That’s part of the paradox.  There is a ton of “housing stock” in Vancouver if you include condos in the mix.  They’ve been building, and continue to build, condo units at a furious pace.  And Vancouver city council is egging this process on with its embrace of density as the supreme goal of urban planning.  So as a result, there are tons of condo units, many of them small square footage, in high or medium rise buildings, perfect for renting out.  Also, because houses are so expensive, homeowners in Vancouver are highly, highly motivated to rent out their basements etc. to help meet their sky-high mortgage costs.  On top of that, Van City council approved lane/carriage houses, which are now being built in droves.  All of this means that the cost of renting in Vancouver remains comparatively reasonable.  And that’s another really weird thing about this market — extremely high single-unit house prices, with low rental yields.

      • Anonymous

        That’s part of the paradox.  There is a ton of “housing stock” in Vancouver if you include condos in the mix.  They’ve been building, and continue to build, condo units at a furious pace.  And Vancouver city council is egging this process on with its embrace of density as the supreme goal of urban planning.  So as a result, there are tons of condo units, many of them small square footage, in high or medium rise buildings, perfect for renting out.  Also, because houses are so expensive, homeowners in Vancouver are highly, highly motivated to rent out their basements etc. to help meet their sky-high mortgage costs.  On top of that, Van City council approved lane/carriage houses, which are now being built in droves.  All of this means that the cost of renting in Vancouver remains comparatively reasonable.  And that’s another really weird thing about this market — extremely high single-unit house prices, with low rental yields.

      • Anonymous

        That’s part of the paradox.  There is a ton of “housing stock” in Vancouver if you include condos in the mix.  They’ve been building, and continue to build, condo units at a furious pace.  And Vancouver city council is egging this process on with its embrace of density as the supreme goal of urban planning.  So as a result, there are tons of condo units, many of them small square footage, in high or medium rise buildings, perfect for renting out.  Also, because houses are so expensive, homeowners in Vancouver are highly, highly motivated to rent out their basements etc. to help meet their sky-high mortgage costs.  On top of that, Van City council approved lane/carriage houses, which are now being built in droves.  All of this means that the cost of renting in Vancouver remains comparatively reasonable.  And that’s another really weird thing about this market — extremely high single-unit house prices, with low rental yields.

      • Anonymous

        Look at the multiple unit building rate over the last decade and the answer is there. When real estate gets more valuable more multi-unit buildings are built and that increases the stock for rentals. As you must know (since you are citing Sauder data) much of Vancouver’s previously available light industrial land has been converted to multi-tenant residential. Yaletown, Olympic Village etc… lands that used to be used for warehouses are now used for housing. Right now the biggest need in Vancouver proper is land for the warehouses needed to supply the goods needed by all the downtown residents. Much of the slack has been taken up by Surrey and Langley but with the ALR limiting further expansion the need will only increase and the available land will become even more scarce.

      • Anonymous

        Look at the multiple unit building rate over the last decade and the answer is there. When real estate gets more valuable more multi-unit buildings are built and that increases the stock for rentals. As you must know (since you are citing Sauder data) much of Vancouver’s previously available light industrial land has been converted to multi-tenant residential. Yaletown, Olympic Village etc… lands that used to be used for warehouses are now used for housing. Right now the biggest need in Vancouver proper is land for the warehouses needed to supply the goods needed by all the downtown residents. Much of the slack has been taken up by Surrey and Langley but with the ALR limiting further expansion the need will only increase and the available land will become even more scarce.

      • Anonymous

        Look at the multiple unit building rate over the last decade and the answer is there. When real estate gets more valuable more multi-unit buildings are built and that increases the stock for rentals. As you must know (since you are citing Sauder data) much of Vancouver’s previously available light industrial land has been converted to multi-tenant residential. Yaletown, Olympic Village etc… lands that used to be used for warehouses are now used for housing. Right now the biggest need in Vancouver proper is land for the warehouses needed to supply the goods needed by all the downtown residents. Much of the slack has been taken up by Surrey and Langley but with the ALR limiting further expansion the need will only increase and the available land will become even more scarce.

    • http://pulse.yahoo.com/_PVJQ52STG5HHDC5DDRRQE6HZ2Q J D

      Then why has inflation-adjusted rent in Vancouver been DEcreasing since 1974?

      http://cuer.sauder.ubc.ca/cma/index.html#

    • http://pulse.yahoo.com/_PVJQ52STG5HHDC5DDRRQE6HZ2Q J D

      Then why has inflation-adjusted rent in Vancouver been DEcreasing since 1974?

      http://cuer.sauder.ubc.ca/cma/index.html#

  • Anonymous

    This must be the 3,467th story reporting high real estate prices and an impending market crash in the last ten years.

    Get a clue, kiddies.  Repeating the same crap over and over doesn’t make it real.

  • Anonymous

    This must be the 3,467th story reporting high real estate prices and an impending market crash in the last ten years.

    Get a clue, kiddies.  Repeating the same crap over and over doesn’t make it real.

    • Anonymous

      I think one of the things that nobody really knows or can predict is whether this influx of mainland Chinese buyers has any discernible endpoint, or whether it will continue indefinitely (because of the huge size of the Chinese population and economy relative to Vancouver).  I’ll tell you this:  practically every buyer these days in Point Grey is mainland Chinese.  It’s unbelievable.

    • Anonymous

      I think one of the things that nobody really knows or can predict is whether this influx of mainland Chinese buyers has any discernible endpoint, or whether it will continue indefinitely (because of the huge size of the Chinese population and economy relative to Vancouver).  I’ll tell you this:  practically every buyer these days in Point Grey is mainland Chinese.  It’s unbelievable.

    • Anonymous

      I think one of the things that nobody really knows or can predict is whether this influx of mainland Chinese buyers has any discernible endpoint, or whether it will continue indefinitely (because of the huge size of the Chinese population and economy relative to Vancouver).  I’ll tell you this:  practically every buyer these days in Point Grey is mainland Chinese.  It’s unbelievable.

  • Anonymous

    This must be the 3,467th story reporting high real estate prices and an impending market crash in the last ten years.

    Get a clue, kiddies.  Repeating the same crap over and over doesn’t make it real.

  • Anonymous
  • Anonymous
  • Anonymous

    Oh, sure, blame the Chinese, but say nothing about the drug dollars getting laundered through the real estate market.  

  • Anonymous

    Oh, sure, blame the Chinese, but say nothing about the drug dollars getting laundered through the real estate market.  

    • Anonymous

      It’s not “blame”, it’s just stating a fact and assigning a key cause.  But you are absolutely correct that the drug money is also a significant contributing factor, and one that doesn’t get mentioned nearly enough.  Of course, one reason for that is that real estate agents and their industry association don’t like bringing that up, for obvious reasons.

    • Anonymous

      It’s not “blame”, it’s just stating a fact and assigning a key cause.  But you are absolutely correct that the drug money is also a significant contributing factor, and one that doesn’t get mentioned nearly enough.  Of course, one reason for that is that real estate agents and their industry association don’t like bringing that up, for obvious reasons.

    • Anonymous

      They say the British Properties is now largely owned by drug money. 

    • Anonymous

      They say the British Properties is now largely owned by drug money. 

  • Anonymous

    Oh, sure, blame the Chinese, but say nothing about the drug dollars getting laundered through the real estate market.  

  • Anonymous

    Same story as it is for anyone. Go where the work is and living is affordable. If one isn’t present, then commute or move.
    Lots of people travel for their employment and not everyone get’s to go home every night. That’s a choice to be made.

  • Anonymous

    Same story as it is for anyone. Go where the work is and living is affordable. If one isn’t present, then commute or move.
    Lots of people travel for their employment and not everyone get’s to go home every night. That’s a choice to be made.

  • http://www.facebook.com/people/Michael-Stolte/581695828 Michael Stolte

    I used to live in Vancouver and after 5 years of trying to figure out how to get out of renting, my wife and I moved to Edmonton. We now live in a two story home, in a mature neighborhood, with tree lined streets and I can walk to work! It was the best decision we could have made and have no regrets making it. Though we loved Vancouver, almost all of our expendable income would have gone to housing, making us virtual paupers – even though we both are working professionals with advanced degrees. The brain drain is real! Is Vancouver going to be the next Venice? A beautiful place that everyone visits and where no-one lives?

    • Anonymous

      Not only all of the above, but the richochet effect has but houses in the interior of BC also up to ridiculous values.   A house (6 years old) with 3/4 acre sold for $76000 near Nelson. It had minor upgrades but is now assessed at $305.  Market is probably at least $350.

  • http://profiles.google.com/cbombast Chad Bombast

    China’s economy is booming so just let them buy all the houses as they become available.

  • Anonymous

    Very interesting article.  I’m wondering why anyone wants to live in Vancouver.  Beautiful place to visit but why live on a potential earthquake when there are lots of other beautiful and less expensive places to live?

  • Anonymous

    Very interesting article.  I’m wondering why anyone wants to live in Vancouver.  Beautiful place to visit but why live on a potential earthquake when there are lots of other beautiful and less expensive places to live?

    • Anonymous

      I’m perfectly happy living elsewhere, but I gotta admit, I sure do miss hiking up a mountain for exercise.

    • Anonymous

      I’m perfectly happy living elsewhere, but I gotta admit, I sure do miss hiking up a mountain for exercise.

    • Anonymous

      I’m perfectly happy living elsewhere, but I gotta admit, I sure do miss hiking up a mountain for exercise.

  • choco banana

    Why doesn’t BC have foreign property ownerships laws / immigration rules like the U.S. and Australia?  Much of the housing craze in Vancouver is fueled by offshore buyers from China. In Australia, if you want to move there and buy a home, there is a Board that you must meet with who reviews your application and does not just merely rubber-stamp it.  In the U.S.,  they ask you not only how much $$ you have, but how did you earn it, etc There is a lot of nefarious money floating around Vancouver that people made offshore in semi-shady ways.

  • Stephan Harper

    Vancouver are ripping off the  Asians that are buying houses. Vancouver is a no fun city anyway… OH,  try not to have to much fun in Vancouver, they will arrest you for having too much fun… OH , be careful at night, there’s too many road blocks, that will cost you your license, stupid machine in your car for a year, heavy fines, about $6000. from your pocket for having even one drink…

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